The American Board of Veterinary Practitioners exists to certify practitioners as specialist in a species. As a species specialist, these practitioners have proven knowledge and expertise above and beyond what is required to practice veterinary medicine. The rigorous process includes submission of case reports prepared for scientific journal publication and a one day examination. Maintenance of Certification is required every 10 years with a series of accomplished requirements. Our own Dr. Nollner was certified in 1995 and has maintained her certification for over 25 years.